The Solana blockchain uses an innovative Proof of History mechanism to confirm transactions that are recorded on the network. Solana is designed to separate the consensus process from the flow of transactions. This is done with a recursive, verifiable delay function that hashes incoming transactions, and recording information as a function of time. Every node on the Solana blockchain is assigned a cryptographic clock that enables the network to determine the time and ordering of transactions, without having to wait for consensus from other nodes. By separating the process of transaction verification from their recording, a higher throughput is achieved without sacrificing network security.

Stakenet is a blockchain with a unique Trustless Proof of Stake (TPoS) consensus mechanism that allows users to participate in the staking process without having to freeze their coins in the wallet. It's powered by the native coin XSN and is managed by its own masternodes. Stakenet (XSN) was created to build an ecosystem that allows easy and secure offline staking and cross chain communication. It has characteristics of Bitcoin, Dash and Peercoin, that were modified for their own purposes. XSN uses the Bitcoin Core, an improved Dash masternode architecture, and Peercoin's validation mechanism for creating new blocks.

FOAM is developing a blockchain-based location service protocol for embedding physical locations in Ethereum smart contracts. The FOAM network will use radio beacons and will provide incentives for decentralized location services that will be given by network participants. Users will stake tokens to become zone anchors, that will work with radio beacons to return location data to the network. FOAM's Proof of Location protocol will be used to confirm consensus on the location of objects and entities in space and time.