The Interplanetary File System (IPFS) is a decentralized network protocol for sharing hypermedia in a distributed file system. IPFS can be used to link blockchain transactions This effectively timestamps and secures the content, without having to put the data on the chain itself. Filecoin, an IPFS-based decentralized storage cloud, is closely related with the IPFS protocol, and provides the incentive system.

FOAM is developing a blockchain-based location service protocol for embedding physical locations in Ethereum smart contracts. The FOAM network will use radio beacons and will provide incentives for decentralized location services that will be given by network participants. Users will stake tokens to become zone anchors, that will work with radio beacons to return location data to the network. FOAM's Proof of Location protocol will be used to confirm consensus on the location of objects and entities in space and time.

IOST (Internet of Services Token) is a blockchain platform that is focused on improving transaction speed and scalability. IOST has a unique Proof of Believability consensus mechanism that is based on past contributions and behavior.
The company claims that their platform will increase security and efficiency compared to other platforms. IOST uses a sharding technique that splits the network into smaller ones and randomly assigns tasks for the nodes on the network.