Fantom is developing a smart contract platform based on a directed acyclic graph (DAG). They hope to address the scalability issues of current decentralized platforms. Instead of a blockchain, Fantom's Lachesis Protocol uses a directed acyclic graph to confirm transactions asynchronously. This transaction history is immutable and cannot be modified. The platform's Opera Chain will consist of three layers: an application Layer, Opera Ware Layer, and Opera Core Layer. Fanotm issued an Ethereum-based token in 2018.

Mainframe is creating a blockchain development platform for decentralized applications. Their marketing materials place a strong emphasis on encryption, privacy, and interoperability. Onyx, a decentralized workplace messaging tool, is the first application to be built on the Mainframe network.
Mainframe is powered by the MFT token.

Chromia is a relational blockchain platform that is designed to be both a blockchain and a relational database. Chromia was created by a Swedish development company called ChromaWay, with the intention of combining the advantages of a blockchain's transparency with the benefits of a relational database system, such as data independence and reduced redundancy.