Fantom is developing a smart contract platform based on a directed acyclic graph (DAG). They hope to address the scalability issues of current decentralized platforms. Instead of a blockchain, Fantom's Lachesis Protocol uses a directed acyclic graph to confirm transactions asynchronously. This transaction history is immutable and cannot be modified. The platform's Opera Chain will consist of three layers: an application Layer, Opera Ware Layer, and Opera Core Layer. Fanotm issued an Ethereum-based token in 2018.

Chromia is a relational blockchain platform that is designed to be both a blockchain and a relational database. Chromia was created by a Swedish development company called ChromaWay, with the intention of combining the advantages of a blockchain's transparency with the benefits of a relational database system, such as data independence and reduced redundancy.

The DAPP Network is a development focused network that aims to promote the adoption of decentralized applications (DApps). The DAPP Network is designed to incentivize the creation of development tools to solve the technical limitations of developing DApps. The network is powered by the DAPP token.