Cardstack is a blockchain technology company that is developing an open-source framework and consensus protocol to make blockchains more usable and scalable. Their goal is to create a decentralized modular smart contract ecosystem. The Cardstack network is powered by the Ethereum-based CARD token.

TrueChain is developing a secure and scalable blockchain platform with a strong developer community. TrueChain hopes to improve upon current platforms with a hybrid consensus protocol called Minerva. This hybrid model will combine a consensus mechanism based on Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance (pBFT) with a FruitChain-based Proof-of-Work protocol. Fruitchain is designed to minimize the incentives of mining pools by decreasing the variance of mining rewards; making the network more decentralized.
TrueChain's architecture also hopes to improve transaction times and reduce fees, by including a sharding mechanism that is locked to Gas fees. The first use cases for their platform will be digital advertising solutions.
The company is backed by several large Chinese blockchain companies, including ZB.com; one of the largest cryptocurrency exchanges. digital advertising industry

BOScoin is a South Korean company that is developing a self-evolving cryptocurrency platform for trust contracts. It uses an embedded decision-making system called Congress Network and has a Proof-of-Stake (PoS) consensus mechanism. BOScoin is working to construct an algorithm for smart contracts that will ensure binary responses. BOScoin tries to solve this problem of undecidability of smart contracts by using a domain-specific language understandable by the average user. It also tries to mathematically demonstrate the decidability of its smart contracts’ implementation. To do this, they've introduced the concept of Trust Contracts; which are securely executable contracts based on a technology called Owlchain.