Bitcoin Diamond is a hardfork of Bitcoin that was created in 2017. Although the network's code preserves much of Bitcoin's original features, it aims to improve transaction speeds by implementing the Lightning network and increasing the storage capabilities of each block. The Lightning Network is a second layer payment protocol that works on the Bitcoin blockchain and is designed to place a large portion of the transaction data outside of the blockchain.

PascalCoin is the first blockchain that can be deleted, and reduces the dependency of the entire blockchain history to verify transactions. It is a Proof-of-Work (PoW) cryptocurrency that places a strong emphasis on achieving the same level of scalability as credit card networks such as VISA. Pascal's architecture is based on an innovative cryptographic structure called the SafeBox. It facilitates faster transactions by storing account balances separately from the blockchain. The SafeBox only uses the last 100 blocks on the chain to update transaction history. This allows the network nodes to synchronize much faster while preserving the security of the blockchain, and reducing the computing resources needed to maintain it.
PascalCoin also enables simplified account naming to make it easier to transfer funds.

Primecoin is a cryptocurrency based on finding prime numbers. Identifying prime numbers plays a central role in cryptography. Primecoin's unique Proof-of-Work (PoW) consensus mechanism is able to increase transaction speeds and improve energy efficiency.
The network searches for special prime number chains known as Cunningham chains and bi-twin chains, which are of interest in mathematical research.