RChain is building a cross-chain blockchain platform that hopes to improve transaction speeds and scalability. RChain smart contracts are written in Rholang and are run concurrently on the Rho Virtual Machine. Rholang stands for reflective higher-order language, and supports internal concurrent programming to improve smart contract processing.
Rchain supports multiple blockchains on the same node, allowing them to interact and enabling secure cross-chain exchanges of value. It uses a Proof of Stake consensus algorithm and a form of compression called LADL (Logic as a Distributive Law) that is meant to improve DApp performance.
Unlike most blockchains that use public keys to distinguish virtual address spaces, RChain divides its virtual address space into namespaces A namespace is a set of named channels that are used to communicate the location of a network resource. Namespaces allow smart contracts on one blockchain to be visible to system contracts elsewhere on the network. Namespace developers can also use tools and properties to improve system encryption and protocols.
The platform is powered by the RHOC token.

PCHAIN is developing a multichain ecosystem that will support the Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM).PCHAIN's architecture will consist of one main chain and multiple child chains. They hope to improve transaction times with a Proof-of_Stake consensus mechanism that will be combined with sharding.. The PCHAIN network is currently powered by the Ethereum-based PAI token.

Ontology is a network designed to be operated across multiple blockchains. Its main focus revolves around trust issues, and it provides identity verification and reputation management capabilities. Ontology's goal is to be a platform for decentralized trust systems in businesses. Their distributed network is set up to facilitate cooperation between different projects in a trust ecosystem. Ontology's framework allows users to customize different public blockchains for different applications. Ontology has a two-token structure. ONT is the utility token of the network that can be used to generate Ontology Gas (ONG). Ontology has an innovative consensus mechanism called Verifiable Byzantine Fault Tolerance (VBFT). It combines elements of Proof-of-Stake (PoS), VRF (Verifiable Number Function), and Byzantine Fault Tolerance (BFT). The VBFT consensus mechanism will select nodes that meet certain conditions, and will verify transactions.