pTokens are digital assets that are transparently pegged to another underlying asset. pTokens serve as a Cross-Chain token wrapper that allows users to more easily transfer value between different blockchains. Users can deposit a certain amount of the underlying asset (such as BTC or EOS) and request the equivalent pTokens that are pegged to them 1:1, such as pBTC or pEOS. Token holders can then take advantage of the Ethereum network by more easily exchanging them into ERC-20 tokens.

RChain is building a cross-chain blockchain platform that hopes to improve transaction speeds and scalability. RChain smart contracts are written in Rholang and are run concurrently on the Rho Virtual Machine. Rholang stands for reflective higher-order language, and supports internal concurrent programming to improve smart contract processing.
Rchain supports multiple blockchains on the same node, allowing them to interact and enabling secure cross-chain exchanges of value. It uses a Proof of Stake consensus algorithm and a form of compression called LADL (Logic as a Distributive Law) that is meant to improve DApp performance.
Unlike most blockchains that use public keys to distinguish virtual address spaces, RChain divides its virtual address space into namespaces A namespace is a set of named channels that are used to communicate the location of a network resource. Namespaces allow smart contracts on one blockchain to be visible to system contracts elsewhere on the network. Namespace developers can also use tools and properties to improve system encryption and protocols.
The platform is powered by the RHOC token.

Seele is developing a blockchain ecosystem that will consist of subnets optimized for different use cases. Seele's Forest Network will have subnets that will operate independently and can interact with each other through cross-chain and cross-domain protocols. Seele has a neural consensus algorithm that was inspired by the inner workings of the human brain. It asynchronously processes and sorts data in a large-scale decentralized environment, using ε-differential agreements to allow all nodes within a network to reach consensus. Compared to existing consensus algorithms, it ensures greater fault-tolerance and is significantly more efficient. Its performance also scales linearly as network size increases, allowing it to be widely adaptable to many different use cases.